Непряко допълнение на италиански: „на него му“ - Магията на изкуството-слово, музика и танц

Употребата на непряко допълнение на италиански език е важна част от ежедневната комуникация.

A complement is a secondary part of a sentence that clarifies the predicate.
It is expressed with a noun or pronoun that indicates the object of the action.
Answers the questions: what? (-a;-i) and to whom?
In Bulgarian, both forms come after the verb.
In Italian, the full form comes after the verb, the short form comes before the verb
Requires a preposition
Непрякото допълнение се използва с глаголи, които изискват предлога A (на кого/на какво). Тези глаголи най-често са преходни и в минало време се спрягат със спомагателния глагол AVERE (например: telefonare a, regalare a, dare a, parlare a, scrivere a).
Важно правило за съгласуването: За разлика от директните местоимения, при употребата на непряко допълнение миналото причастие (participio passato) НИКОГА не се съгласува по род и число с местоимението! То остава непроменено (завършва на -o).

full f-ma short f-ma f. tonica f. atona

To me and me

To you ti a te ti

To him his a lui gli

her a lei le

To us, a noi ci

To you vi a voi vi

To them it is a loro gli

To you Vi a Lei Le

ПРИМЕРИ за непряко допълнение в Сегашно време ( Presente)

I give the textbook. Carlo's – Give me the book a Carlo

I give his the textbook – Gli do the book

When will you show the exhibition? of Maria? – Quando fai vedere la sample a Maria?

I will and I'll show the exhibition tomorrow – Yes faccio vedere la mostra domani

Laura will buy to us gifts – Laura buys to us of gifts

Laura will us buy gifts – Laura yes buying gifts

When we have a modal verb or a verb (conjugated) + infinitive construction, then the pronouns (the short form) stand:

ITALIAN INSPIRED KIT

I have to take the child new notebooks – Devo

take to the child new notebooks

I need to to take it from him new notebooks – I owe it to him. prendere nuovi quaderni = Devo prendergli

I'm going to buy newspapers. of Paolo and Maria – Vado a comprare dei giornali to Paolo and Maria

I'm going. to buy them newspapers – I'm going to buy it. of the newspapers = I'm going to him. to buy newspapers

Неряко допълнение в мин.св.време – Pronomi indiretti e passato prossimo

The following are NOT associated with an indirect/indirect complement:
Verbs of motion
Reflexive verbs
The following are associated with an indirect/indirect complement:
intransitive verbs (which in Italian have the auxiliary AVERE)
When we have a direct object in the sentence, the past participle of the verb does NOT agree in gender and number.

I gave the textbook to Carlo – Ho dato il libro a Carlo

I gave his the textbook – I gave it to him. the book

When did the exhibition show? of Maria? – Quando hai fatto vedere la sample a Maria?

I showed her the exhibition yesterday – I did it. see the show yesterday

Laura bought to us gifts – Laura he bought from us of gifts

Laura bought us gifts – Laura he bought us of gifts