Употребата на различните местоимения за пряко допълнение в италианския език (pronomi diretti) ни помага да избягваме повторенията при общуване.
Списък на всички местоимения за пряко допълнение
- A complement is a secondary part of a sentence that clarifies the predicate.
- It is expressed with a noun or pronoun that indicates the object of the action.
- Answers the questions: What? (-a;-i) What? and Who?
- In Bulgarian, both forms come after the verb.
- In Italian, the full form comes after the verb, the short form comes before the verb
full form short form tonic form atonic form
Me me me me
You te te ti
Lui lo him
I read it.
Us noi ci
You voi vi
They are loro li/ le
You Lei La
EXAMPLES
| § I give the textbook Carlo's
§ I give it Carlo's |
§ Do the book a Carlo
§ Lo do a Carlo |
| § When will you take it? the car of Maria?
§ Will her I will take it tomorrow. |
§ When you start the machine About Maria?
§ The I'll take it tomorrow. |
| § Laura will accompany us at the airport
§ Laura will us accompany |
§ Laura accompanies no at the airport
§ Laura yes accompany |
| § Paolo loves you
§ Paolo they loves |
§ Paolo loves you
§ Paul you oh my |
When we have a modal verb or construction verb (conjugated) + infinitive, then the pronouns (short form) stand:
- Before the modal verb
- Behind the infinitive merged with it
EXAMPLES
| § I need to to take the child from school
§ You must it I take |
§ Devo take the child from school
§ Lo I must take = I must takeoh |
| § I am going to buy newspapers
§ I am going to them buy |
§ I'm going to buy some newspapers
§ I'm going to buyyes = Li I'm going to buy. |
The particle NO
It expresses a part of the whole or none of the whole. It is not translated into Bulgarian.
| § How much coffee do you drink per day?
§ I drink at least two |
§ Quanti caffé bevi al giorno?
§ No I drink at least two |
| § Do you know all these girls?
§ No, I only know a few (of them) |
§ Conosci tutte queste girls?
§ No, no I know some |
| § Do you know all these girls?
§ No, I don't know any. |
§ Conosci tutte queste girls?
§ No no I know none. |
Parallel between lo, la li, le and no
| Will you eat all of these? spaghetti?
1. Yes, I will them I eat them all. 2. No, I will only eat two plates. ( of them) 3. No, I won't eat anything. (of them) |
Do you eat all this spaghetti?
1. Yes, yes I eat everything. 2. No, no I only eat two dishes. 3. No, no no I eat nothing.
|
Direct complement in the present tense – Pronomi diretti e passato porssimo
- Only transitive verbs are connected with a direct object (which in Italian have the auxiliary AVERE)
- When we have a direct object in the sentence, the past participle of the verb agrees in gender and number.
- The particles for the 3rd person singular – ГО, Я (LO, LA) before the verb AVERE are written with an apostrophe.
| § I gave the textbook Carlo's
§ I gave it Carlo's |
§ I gave the book a Carlo
§ I date a Carlo |
| § When did you take the car of Maria?
§ I got it yesterday |
§ When you got it the machine About Maria?
§ I yesterday's press |
| § Yesterday Laura accompanied us at the airport
§ Yesterday Laura us accompany |
§ Laura accompanied no at the airport
§ Laura yes accompanied |
| § How much coffee did you drink today?
§ I drank two |
§ How much did you drink today?
§ No I am drunk.i due |
| § Did you meet all these girls?
§ No, I only met a few (of them) |
§ Hai connoisseur tutte queste girls?
§ No, no I knowe only some |
| § Did you meet all these girls?
§ No, I have not met none |
§ Hai connoisseur tutte queste girls?
§ No no I knowa none |
| § Did you eat all these? spaghetti?
1. Yes, I ate. them all of them 2. No, I only ate two plates. (of them) 3.No, I didn't eat anything (of them) |
§ You ate all these spaghetti?
4. Yes, yes I ate it all. 5. No, no I ate.i just two dishes 6. No, no no I ate.about none
|
| § I had to take the child from school
§ I had to it I take |
§ I had to take the baby from school
§ L'ho duvoto prendere = Ho duvoto prendereoh |
| § I went to buy newspapers
§ I went to them buy |
§ I went to buy some newspapers
§ I went shoppingyes = Li I went shopping. |
Сравнение между сегашно и минало свършено време с пряко допълнение
| Present | Past tense |
| That boy oh I already know you. | That boy I have knownabout yesterday |
| That girl la we see every day | That girl we have it viewa every day |
| Those guys yes we have known each other for a long time | Those guys we have them knowni a month ago |
| Those girls yes I see you every evening. | Those girls yes, yes viewe yesterday |
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Degli amici veri Carlo ne ha avuto solo uno |
| Delle lettere non ne ho receiptuta nessuna | |
| Dei film italiani non ne abbiamo visti molti | |
| Delle gite i ragazzi ne hanno fatte tantissime |
© 2026 Iliana Dechkova